Bio:

Dr. Schwalbe has ten years of professional social work practice experience. In these ten years, he provided case management, individual therapy, and group therapy to children and families involved with the child welfare and children's mental health systems as well as seriously mentally ill adults involved in the mental health system. In addition, his experience includes program development and program administration. His current research explores the effects of probation programs on the resilience of youthful offenders in the juvenile justice system. He is presently licensed as a clinical social worker in the state of North Carolina.

Research Interests:

• Juvenile justice policy and practice
• Probation programs for high risk youthful offenders
• Risk assessment and structured decision making

Current Grants & Projects:

• Mental health screening, juvenile justice decision-making, and recidivism
• National survey of juvenile probation officers
• Social Context of Probation
• Risk assessment predictive validity

Recent Publications:

Schwalbe, C. S. (in-press). Risk assessment stability: A revalidation study of the Arizona Risk/Needs Assessment Instrument. Research on Social Work Practice.

Schwalbe, C. S. (in-press). A Meta-Analysis of Juvenile Justice Risk Assessment Instruments: Predictive Validity by Gender. Criminal Justice and Behavior.

Schwalbe, C. S., Macy, R. J.,  Day, S. H., & Fraser, M. W. (2008).  Classifying Offenders: An Application of Latent Class Analysis to Needs Assessment in Juvenile Justice. Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice, 6, 279-294.

Schwalbe, C. S. (2008). Strengthening the integration of actuarial risk assessment with clinical judgment in an evidence based practice framework. Children and Youth Services Review, doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2007.11.021

Maschi, T., Schwalbe, C.S., Morgen, K., Gibson, S. & Violette, N.M. (2008). Exploring the Influence of Gender on Adolescents’ Service Needs and Service Pathways. Children and Youth Services Review, doi: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2008.07.018

Maschi, T., Smith Hatcher, S., Schwalbe, C., & Scotto Rosato, N. (2008). Mapping the social service pathways of youth to and through the juvenile justice system: A comprehensive review. Children and Youth Services Review, doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2008.04.006

Schwalbe, C.S., Fraser, M.W., & Day, S.H. (2007). Predictive validity of the Joint Risk Matrix with Juvenile Offenders: A focus on gender and race/ethnicity. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 34, 348-361.

Schwalbe, C. S. (2007). Risk Assessment for Juvenile Justice:  A meta-analysis.  Law and Human Behavior, 31, 449-462.

Schwalbe, C. S., Fraser, M. W., Day, S. H., & Cooley, V. (2006). Classifying juvenile offenders according to risk of recidivism: Predictive validity, race/ethnicity, and gender. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 33, 305-324.

Schwalbe, C. S., Fraser, M. W., Day, S. H. & Arnold, E. M. (2004). North Carolina Assessment of Risk (NCAR): Reliability and predictive validity with juvenile offenders.  Journal of Offender Rehabilitation, 40,1-22.

Schwalbe, C. S. (2004). Re-visioning risk assessment for human services decision making. Children and Youth Services Review, 26, 561-576.

Last updated August 08, 2008.